A New Sterilization Strategy Using TiO2 Nanotubes for Production of Free Radicals that Eliminate Viruses and Application of a Treatment Strategy to Combat Infections Caused by Emerging SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Synthesized titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) nanotubes were used for the disinfection of new emerging corona virus-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in this study. The newly synthesized TiO2-NPs (nanotubes) were characterized by chemical spectroscopic analysis Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet FT-IR and UV. The chemical purity and Zeta potential distribution of the TiO2-NPs (nanotubes) were evaluated to confirm their nano-range, and their surface morphology was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The antiviral activity of the TiO2-NPs (nanotubes) against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated using 10% (Dimethyl sulfoxide) DMSO and dist.H2O using a cytotoxicity assay and inhibitory concentration assay (to determine the cytotoxic half concentration CC50 and half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50). The current results confirmed that TiO2-NPs exhibit strong anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity at very low cytotoxic concentrations in vitro with a non-significant selectivity index (CC50/IC50 ≤ 1). The obtained results indicate that TiO2-NPs and nanotubes have potent antiviral activity at a very low concentrations (IC50 = 568.6 ng/mL), with a weak cytotoxic effect on the cellular host (CC50 = 399.1 ng/mL). Thus, we highly recommend the use of TiO2-NPs (nanotubes) in vitro and in wall coatings as a potent disinfectant to combat SARS-CoV-2 with little irritation of the cellular hosts. Furthermore, we also recommend more and excessive prospective studies on the complexation of natural active or natural compounds with TiO2-NPs (nanotubes) to minimize their cytotoxicity, enhance their antiviral activity, and increase their inhibition of SARS-CoV-2.

Quercetin/Zinc complex and stem cells: A new drug therapy to ameliorate glycometabolic control and pulmonary dysfunction in diabetes mellitus: Structural characterization and genetic studies.

Medicinal uses and applications of metals and their complexes are of increasing clinical and commercial importance. The ligation behavior of quercetin (Q), which is a flavonoid, and its Zn (II) (Q/Zn) complex were studied and characterized based on elemental analysis, molar conductance, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, electronic spectra, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectral data revealed that Q acts as a bidentate ligand (chelating ligand) through carbonyl C(4) = O oxygen and phenolic C(3)-OH oxygen in conjugation with Zn. Electronic, FTIR, and 1H-NMR spectral data revealed that the Q/Zn complex has a distorted octahedral geometry, with the following chemical formula: [Zn(Q)(NO3)(H2O)2].5H2O. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. A total of 70 male albino rats were divided into seven groups: control, diabetic untreated group and diabetic groups treated with either MSCs and/or Q and/or Q/Zn or their combination. Serum insulin, glucose, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels were determined. Pancreatic and lung histology and TEM for pancreatic tissues in addition to gene expression of both SOD and CAT in pulmonary tissues were evaluated. MSCs in combination with Q/Zn therapy exhibited potent protective effects against STZ induced hyperglycemia and suppressed oxidative stress, genotoxicity, glycometabolic disturbances, and structural alterations. Engrafted MSCs were found inside pancreatic tissue at the end of the experiment. In conclusion, Q/Zn with MSC therapy produced a synergistic effect against oxidative stress and genotoxicity and can be considered potential ameliorative therapy against diabetes with pulmonary dysfunction, which may benefit against COVID-19.

Assessment of hepatoprotective, renal protective and anti-genotoxic effect of novel synthesized complexes of Ca(II), Mg(II) and Cr(III) with 2,6-dichloroindophenol against Acrylamide toxicity in male rats

Herein this study aimed to prepare and spectroscopically investigate magnesium(II), calcium(II) and chromium(III) complexes with 2,6-dichloroindo phenol sodium hydrate (Dich). The suggestion formula can be presented as [Mg(Dich)2(H2O)4].5H2O, [Ca(Dich)2(H2O)4].2H2O and [Cr(Dich)3(H2O)3].3H2O according to micro analytical, conductivity, FTIR, magnetic susceptibility, UV-Visible, TG-DrTGA, SEM and TEM studies. The analyses revealed that the Dich ligand acts as a monodentate chelating through the oxygen atom of-OH phenolic group with an octahedral geometry around the central metal ions. The six-coordination sphere was completing by coordinated water molecules. This study aimed to evaluate the potent antioxidant, antihepatorenal toxicity and antigenotoxic effects of acrylamide (AC) and role of the novel complexes Ca/Dich, Mg/Dich and Cr/Dich in alleviating hepatorenaltoxicity, oxidative injury and genotoxicity induced by AC in male albino rats. After 30 consecutive days of exposure, some biochemical parameters were measured as hepatic aminotransferases enzymes, lipid profile, kidney function parameters, TNF-α, IL-6, markers of inflammation, tissue damage LDH, CRP, mitochondrial potential activities, MPO, XO, CRP,SDH , MMP , MDA levels and antioxidant enzymes (SOD , CAT , GRx and GST) ,ATP content with histological, TEM examination of the hepatic and renal tissues and Alkaline comet assay in hepatic tissues . AC induced biochemical and cellular alterations in the hepatic and renal tissues and theses toxicity were alleviated greatly after treatment of male rats with the novel complexes Ca/Dich, Mg/Dich and Cr/Dich which afforded protection against hepatorenal injury and oxidative stress resulting from AC toxicity. Consequently, the novel complexes improved thehepatic enzymes and improved the antioxidant capacities in the hepatic and renal tissues. © 2021 World Research Association. All rights reserved.